The County of Essex

Between London and the sea lies the ancient Saxon county of Essex. Traces of medieval times can be found in delightful small towns such as Saffron Walden, Coggeshall and Thaxted. Medieval industries, including weaving and saffron growing, created great wealth and financed many beautiful houses and fine churches. Close to the European mainland, Essex has been shaped by varied cultures and played a part in major historical events. The Romans made Colchester their capital while the Normans left their mark with castles at Colchester, Castle Hedingham and Stansted. All of these remain and are open for today's visitor. Within the last hundred years Chelmsford became the birthplace of a technological revolution when Marconi established the world's first radio factory.

With its long coastline, Essex boasts a real maritime flavour. The seaside resorts are perhaps best known. Southend, Clacton and Walton offer all the fun of the seaside and more besides. Southend has established a reputation for an exciting calendar of events throughout the year while in Clacton and the other 'Sunshine Coast Resorts', the emphasis is on traditional family entertainment. Both Clacton and Southend are famous for their parks and gardens and offer stunning displays in the summer.

Less well known is the quieter side of the coast where ports such as Harwich and Maldon have enormous character and historical interest. Coastal towns like Burnham-on-Crouch and Brightlingsea come alive with yachts during the boating season. Away from the towns, much of the coast is remote and undisturbed and of great importance for nature conservation.

Inland, ancient woodlands such as Epping and Hatfield Forests add interest to a landscape characterised by thatched cottages, timber-framed farmhouses and the unmistakable outline of windmills. There are some lovely country houses with beautiful gardens. Audley End House, Ingatestone Hall and Layer Marney Tower are amongst the finest and open regularly to the public. Essex remains a rural county with much of its land still in agricultural production. The rolling countryside is typified by golden wheatfields. Rural events and traditions are kept alive and offer the visitor an interesting day out. Market towns make pleasant places to browse or shop for local crafts and gifts.

Principal Towns: Chelmsford, Colchester, Clacton-on-Sea, Saffron Walden, Epping, Harlow, Southend, Basildon.